[学习经历]每天一小段英语（5） [复制链接]

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只看楼主倒序阅读使用道具 0楼发表于: 2016-03-11

1) Wing it
At the cockiest end of the spectrum, you have the option of completely winging it. This involves no planning—you just get up there and figure out what you want to say once you’re talking. You be yourself and let the moment carry you.
This takes some hardcore self-confidence, and it only works if you’re really good, and if you’re in the right mood and in front of the right crowd. It’s a really great way to do a really bad talk, and should probably be kept to super-casual things like impromptu dinner toasts.
2) Talk through a set structure
Here, you have a clear structure in your head or a list of bullet points on a notecard, and then you simply talk through it. But importantly, you haven’t scripted sentences exactly—if you did the talk five times, it would come out differently each time, but the general content would be the same. To do this, you have to be super comfortable with the content of what you want to say.
When you use this method, you come off like a human, because you’re actually coming up with real sentences as you go, which is how a normal person talks. Your brain is focused on the content of what you’re saying, and your words are emerging directly from your current thoughts.
This isn’t an exact point on the spectrum but a range. On the left side of the range, closer to the winging it end, you have a few general bullets or slides, but you’ve planned almost nothing beyond that. Toward the right side, you’ve planned out almost exactly what you want to say, including the placement and wording of certain jokes or other key sentences, but it still comes out a little differently each time you do it.
3) Follow an exact script

Here, on the other extreme end of the spectrum, you write the exact script of the talk ahead of time and deliver the talk on script, word for word. Some people might immediately assume this method will make a talk impersonal and robotic, but it’s more complicated than that—the exact script method has its own spectrum:

1）即兴表演
在光谱线代表自大的这一端，你可以不做任何计划地即兴演讲——站在那一刻起才是准备的开始，直接想出你要讲的主题。此乃自嗨。
只有很大的自信，并且讲的足够好，带着适合的心情，观众愿意听下去的演讲者方可驾驭这种演讲。搞砸了你就厉害了，没人会记住你，搭理你。
2）有层次
你要演讲的大体框架在你的脑海里或者写在了小卡片上。最重要的是，你没仔细想过具体内容——1个演讲讲5次，每次都会不一样。那么，你就要对要讲的框架了如指掌。
这样演讲显得有点普通，因为这种完全在自己掌握之中型生搬硬套就像平常人们的谈话一样。你围绕着框架去讲，讲的内容略带即兴。
光谱线上第二个点代表一个范围，越往左走，越即兴，基本没什么准备。越往右走，你的想法越明显，甚至笑话和关键句都是早就准备好的。
3）照搬
在光谱线的最右端，是你的讲稿。提前写好并逐字逐句地背出来吧。有的人说看这种演讲不像是看一个人讲，像是看机器人——第三个点里其实还有一个范围。

计划性→
即兴                结构性                        照搬
                                              记忆程度→
                                    读讲稿   背讲稿   别人过生日

[ 此帖被命运号角在2016-03-12 20:49重新编辑 ]