shuszhao 发表于 2018-8-12 09:54:02

关于PCB铺铜利弊

<div style='margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(100, 100, 100); text-transform: none; line-height: 24px; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: myFont, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;' align="left" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(26, 26, 26);"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" size="3" face="宋体" .="word-wrap: break-word;">所谓覆铜,就是将柔性电路板上闲置的空间作为基准面,然后用固体铜填充,这些铜区又称为灌铜。覆铜的意义在于,减小地线阻抗,提高抗干扰能力;降低压降,提高电源效率;与地线相连,还可以减小环路面积。也出于让PCB焊接时尽可能不变形的目的,大部分PCB 生产厂家也会要求PCB 设计者在PCB 的空旷区域填充铜皮或者网格状的地线,覆铜如果处理的不当,那将得不赏失,究竟覆铜是“利大于弊”还是“弊大于利”?<div style='margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(100, 100, 100); text-transform: none; line-height: 24px; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: myFont, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;' align="center" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(26, 26, 26);"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" size="3" face="宋体" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><img style="margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; border: currentColor; vertical-align: middle; display: block; word-wrap: break-word; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;" id="aimg_193729" src="http://bbs.cirmall.com/data/attachment/forum/201808/11/135925kz72q62d90v6v3dr.jpg.thumb.jpg" .="word-wrap: break-word; cursor: pointer;" initialized="true" inpost="1" file="data/attachment/forum/201808/11/135925kz72q62d90v6v3dr.jpg.thumb.jpg" zoomfile="data/attachment/forum/201808/11/135925kz72q62d90v6v3dr.jpg" aid="193729"><div style='margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(100, 100, 100); text-transform: none; line-height: 24px; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: myFont, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;' align="left" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(26, 26, 26);"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" size="3" face="宋体" .="word-wrap: break-word;">大家都知道在高频情况下,印刷电路板上的布线的分布电容会起作用,当长度大于噪声频率相应波长的1/20 时,就会产生天线效应,噪声就会通过布线向外发射,如果在PCB中存在不良接地的覆铜话,覆铜就成了传播噪音的工具,因此,在高频电路中,千万不要认为,把地线的某个地方接了地,这就是“地线”,一定要以小于λ/20 的间距,在布线上打过孔,与多层板的地平面“良好接地”。如果把覆铜处理恰当了,覆铜不仅具有加大电流,还起了屏蔽干扰的双重作用。<div style='margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(100, 100, 100); text-transform: none; line-height: 24px; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: myFont, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;' align="left" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(26, 26, 26);"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" size="3" .="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div style='margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(100, 100, 100); text-transform: none; line-height: 24px; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: myFont, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;' align="left" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(26, 26, 26);"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" size="3" face="宋体" .="word-wrap: break-word;">覆铜一般有两种基本的方式,就是大面积的覆铜和网格铜,经常也有人问到,大面积覆铜好还是网格覆铜好,不好一概而论。为什么呢?大面积覆铜,具备了加大电流和屏蔽双重作用,但是大面积覆铜,如果过波峰焊时,板子就可能会翘起来,甚至会起泡。因此大面积覆铜,一般也会开几个槽,缓解铜箔起泡,单纯的网格覆铜主要还是屏蔽作用,加大电流的作用被降低了,从散热的角度说,网格有好处(它降低了铜的受热面)又起到了一定的电磁屏蔽的作用。<div style='margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(100, 100, 100); text-transform: none; line-height: 24px; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: myFont, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;' align="left" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(26, 26, 26);"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" size="3" .="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div style='margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(100, 100, 100); text-transform: none; line-height: 24px; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: myFont, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;' align="left" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(26, 26, 26);"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" .="word-wrap: break-word;"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box;" size="3" face="宋体" .="word-wrap: break-word;">需要指出的是,网格是使由交错方向的走线组成的,我们知道对于电路来说,走线的宽度对于电路板的工作频率是有其相应的“电长度“的(实际尺寸除以工作频率对应的数字频率可得,具体可见相关书籍),当工作频率不是很高的时候,或许网格线的作用不是很明显,一旦电长度和工作频率匹配时,就非常糟糕了,你会发现电路根本就不能正常工作,到处都在发射干扰系统工作的信号。所以对于使用网格的同仁,我的建议是根据设计的电路板工作情况选择,不要死抱着一种东西不放。因此高频电路对抗干扰要求高的多用网格,低频电路有大电流的电路等常用完整的铺铜。

枯荷依风 发表于 2018-8-12 10:16:11

……这样子读起来体验很不好

liao96127 发表于 2018-8-12 12:43:22

所谓覆铜,就是将柔性电路板上闲置的空间作为基准面,然后用固体铜填充,这些铜区又称为灌铜。覆铜的意义在于,减小地线阻抗,提高抗干扰能力;降低压降,提高电源效率;与地线相连,还可以减小环路面积。也出于让PCB焊接时尽可能不变形的目的,大部分PCB 生产厂家也会要求PCB 设计者在PCB 的空旷区域填充铜皮或者网格状的地线,覆铜如果处理的不当,那将得不赏失,究竟覆铜是“利大于弊”还是“弊大于利”
覆铜一般有两种基本的方式,就是大面积的覆铜和网格铜,经常也有人问到,大面积覆铜好还是网格覆铜好,不好一概而论。为什么呢?大面积覆铜,具备了加大电流和屏蔽双重作用,但是大面积覆铜,如果过波峰焊时,板子就可能会翘起来,甚至会起泡。因此大面积覆铜,一般也会开几个槽,缓解铜箔起泡,单纯的网格覆铜主要还是屏蔽作用,加大电流的作用被降低了,从散热的角度说,网格有好处(它降低了铜的受热面)又起到了一定的电磁屏蔽的作用。
需要指出的是,网格是使由交错方向的走线组成的,我们知道对于电路来说,走线的宽度对于电路板的工作频率是有其相应的“电长度“的(实际尺寸除以工作频率对应的数字频率可得,具体可见相关书籍),当工作频率不是很高的时候,或许网格线的作用不是很明显,一旦电长度和工作频率匹配时,就非常糟糕了,你会发现电路根本就不能正常工作,到处都在发射干扰系统工作的信号。所以对于使用网格的同仁,我的建议是根据设计的电路板工作情况选择,不要死抱着一种东西不放。因此高频电路对抗干扰要求高的多用网格,低频电路有大电流的电路等常用完整的铺铜。

bidezhi7777 发表于 2018-8-12 14:19:08

小小石破天 发表于 2018-8-12 21:44:47

嗯,楼上写的很好。

ldj186 发表于 2018-8-13 08:27:19

楼上好同志

晨曦37 发表于 2018-8-13 08:27:28

这是写代码吗

jag6510 发表于 2018-8-13 08:46:10

wangy2000 发表于 2018-8-13 08:51:30

学习了,积累,谢谢。

asdf301744959 发表于 2018-8-13 11:45:15

给楼主赞,学到了
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