PPF、PPFD、光效、光谱，这些植物照明光学术语你都知道吗

黄斌

植物照明专业术语科普

                               
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中科三安植物工厂的视频 · 1357 播放
如果你不是资深的植物学家、光学家，而且刚接触植物照明，那么专业术语的缩写可能会让你晕头转向。今天咱们就来讲讲这些术语吧。[blockquote]Ifyou just started exploring the horticultural lighting world, and youare not a seasoned plant scientist or a lighting expert, you might findthe terms of acronyms to be somewhat overwhelming. So let’s begin.[/blockquote]
如果你不是资深的植物学家、光学家，而且刚接触植物照明，那么专业术语的缩写可能会让你晕头转向。今天咱们就来讲讲这些术语吧。[blockquote]Sincemany talented Youtubers can walk us through several hours of movies inless than 2 minutes. Let’s see what we can do for horticulturallighting. [/blockquote]
有才的油管博主能在两分钟内带我们看完好几部电影，那咱们今天也来试试这个方法。

                               
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[blockquote]Let’sstart with PPF. PPF Stands for photosynthetic photon flux, and it’smeasured in umol/s. It refers to the photons emitted from a fixture atany given second. PPF is determined at the time the fixture is beingdesigned and manufactured. PPF can only be measured in a special devicecalled Integrated Sphere.[/blockquote]
我们先从PPF开始。PPF是光合光子通量英文单词的首字母缩写，单位是umol/秒，表示一盏灯一秒钟可以发出多少光合光子。在设计和制造的时候，PPF就已经定下来了。咱们只能用积分球来测试其数值。

                               
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[blockquote]Theother term you hear often-PPFD. PPFD stands for photosynthetic photonflux density. PPFD is measuring how much photons actually land on thecanopy, with umol per second per square meter. PPFD can be measured by asensor in the field and simulated by software. PPFD incorporates a lotof factors other than the fixture, including the mounting height andsurface reflectance. [/blockquote]
另外一个你经常听到的术语叫PPFD。PPFD测量的是落在植物上的光子数量，单位是umol/秒/平方米。咱们可以通过测试仪或软件来测试或模拟PPFD。除了灯具本身，灯具与植物之间的距离、表面反射率也会影响到PPFD。

                               
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[blockquote]PPFessentially tells you how powerful the fixture is. But let’s be carefulwith the word, powerful. LED fixtures are semi-conductor materialconverting electricity to light. Two different fixtures may be rated thesame power but they may generate different PPFs, and this determinesefficacy. However greater efficacy does not equal to better lights.Efficacy speaks how efficient your fixture is during the conversion. [/blockquote]
我们可以通过PPF判断灯具的性能，但性能不代表一切。LED是半导体材料，将电能转化为光能。两盏灯具功率可能相同，但PPF可能不同。这就涉及到了光效。但更高的光效并不代表更好的灯。光效更高说明电转化成光的效率更高。

                               
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[blockquote]PPFspeaks to the volume or quantity of photon output from the fixture.PPFD measures the quantity of photons that arrive at the plants.[/blockquote]
PPF是发出的光子的总量。PPFD是照射到植物的光子总量。

                               
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[blockquote]What’smissing here is the quality of the light spectrum. Spectrum isreferring to the distribution of photons at different wavelengths. Andit’s measured by nanometers.Spectrum is important because plants are farmore sensitive to the lights than humans. The way humans and plantsinteract with light is through a type of protein called Photoreceptors. [/blockquote]
接下来我们要讨论的是光谱的质量。光谱即各波段上光子的分布，单位是纳米。光谱很重要，因为相比人类，植物对光照更加敏感。植物和人类对光的感受都是通过一种叫做光感受器的蛋白质。[blockquote]Humanshave 5 Photoreceptors located on the retina. Plants have up to 13photoreceptors depending on the variety. Humans have photoreceptors thatrespond to spectrum ranging between 400nm and 700nm. But plants can seea spectrum ranging from 280nm to 800nm. [/blockquote]
人类有5种光感受器分布在视网膜上，但植物会有多达13种光感受器。人眼能感受到400nm到700nm的光，但植物能感受到280nm至800nm的光。

                               
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[blockquote]Humans’photoreceptors are located in retina and plants have theirphotoreceptors distributed all over their cells. Plants can see better.They also have many eyes.[/blockquote]
人类的光感受器只集中在视网膜上，但植物的光感受器分布在全身的细胞中。也就是说植物有更多的眼睛，能看到更多的光。它们在观察我们呢。[blockquote] The plants are watching us. So let’s use better lights. Let’s grow together.[/blockquote]
所以让我们更好的使用光，让我们一起成长吧！