每天一小段英语（24）

命运号角

Explanation Group 1: There are no signs of higher (Type II and III) civilizations because there are no higher civilizations in existence.
猜想1：没有更高级文明。
Those who subscribe to Group 1 explanations point to something called the non-exclusivity problem, which rebuffs any theory that says, “There are higher civilizations, but none of them have made any kind of contact with us because they all _____.” Group 1 people look at the math, which says there should be so many thousands (or millions) of higher civilizations, that at least one of them would be an exception to the rule. Even if a theory held for 99.99% of higher civilizations, the other .01% would behave differently and we’d become aware of their existence.
赞成第一个猜想是非排他性的，断然回绝了第二类猜想。第一组认为既然有上万文明，我们没准是最高级的。即使有99.99%的更高级文明。那0.01%的低级文明是会被我们发现的。

Therefore, say Group 1 explanations, it must be that there are no super-advanced civilizations. And since the math suggests that there are thousands of them just in our own galaxy, something else must be going on.
因此第一组猜想认为没有更高级文明。既然算出银河系中有上千文明，那么一定有什么规则在运行。

This something else is called The Great Filter.
这种规则叫做大筛选。
The Great Filter theory says that at some point from pre-life to Type III intelligence, there’s a wall that all or nearly all attempts at life hit. There’s some stage in that long evolutionary process that is extremely unlikely or impossible for life to get beyond. That stage is The Great Filter.
大筛选的意思是III型文明整个形成过程中有一道或很多道坎，届时几乎所有生命都会灭亡。在漫长的演化过程中有一些阶段超出生命存活能力范围。这种阶段叫做大筛选。

命运号角

每日一词
exclusivity
n. 排外性；独占权

命运号角

get beyond
(使)超过…的范围；(使)越过…的阶段
为…所达不到，为…力所不及：

fengxz

过来充充电

sk红酒杯

支持一个

miaomiao

支持一个 ~