每天一小段英语（42）

命运号角

The law does not see death as a process. For a long time, legal death in the US was considered to occur when a person’s heartbeat and breathing stopped. As modern medical procedures like CPR and defibrillators started to allow those patients to be resuscitated, the law had to change the definition of legal death to include “irreversible cessation of all functions of the brain.” The old “heartbeat and breathing” definition of legal death is now called “clinical death,” a middle ground point where there’s an obligation to attempt resuscitation in most cases but where a patient can also have a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order in place (common with terminally ill patients).In DNR cases, a doctor or nurse will pronounce a clinically dead patient to be legally dead—even though a resuscitation effort could still revive them.
法律不把死亡看作一个过程。以前有很长一段时间美国法定死亡为心跳呼吸停止时。现代医疗手段比如心肺复苏术和除颤器能让人复苏，法律只好补充死亡的定义“大脑功能不可逆地停止”。原来定义里的心跳和呼吸改为“临床死亡”，转折点在于义务复苏，除了像那种最终要病死的病人要求不复苏，就算复苏术可能会复活他们，医生或护士也会把病人说成法定死亡而不是临床死亡。

This is a critical fact for cryonics. Cryonics technicians have to wait until legal death to begin their work on a patient, but with the help of a patient’s DNR order, they can start the process right after the heart stops, well before any brain damage sets in.
这对人体冷冻法是个限制。冷冻员不得不等病人法定死亡后才能开始冷冻，但是由于有病人要求不复苏这个说法，他们可以在病人心脏停跳后，大脑损伤前动手。


So this is the window for cryonics:


Which brings us back to our list, where we can now clarify what we really mean with Step 5:
这样便于描述第五步：

Step 5) Legally Die
法定死亡
You legally dying is a key step along the way here, so don’t mess it up. You can do it the good way, the bad way, or the really bad way.
第五步很重要，一定要弄明白。你有三种方法：

The good way: Something predictable where you’re in a cliché deathbed situation, like cancer. This allows you to get yourself on a plane to either Scottsdale (Alcor) or Michigan (CI) and into one of the specifically designated hospice care facilities that the cryonics company regularly works with. This is important because cryonics is highly controversial within the mainstream medical community and often not well-regarded or well-understood. As a result, some hospitals and hospice care facilities are “cryonics friendly” and others are not (those that aren’t have been known to make it difficult for cryonics staff to do what they need to do or deny them the same privileges organ transplant specialists get in a hospital). Once you’re in hospice care, the cryonics company can put staff on standby around the clock, so that the second you legally die, they can be there to start the treatment.
好方法：像癌症这样可预见性的情况，你可以坐飞机去Alcor或者CI的明确认定收容所让冷冻公司的照护机构帮忙。这很重要，因为人体冷冻法在主流医学界有很大争议，经常有差评和不被理解。所以，有的医院和照护机构支持人体冷冻，有的不支持（冷冻不被了解所以对于冷冻员工来说很难让医院做需要做的冷冻准备或者医院拒绝给冷冻员工器官移植医生的权限）。一旦你进了照护机构，冷冻公司就可以让员工待命，你法定死的时候他们就能开始处理。

命运号角

每日一词
cessation
n. 停止；中止；中断

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Legally Die